I was introduced to a Spanish renegade, a great many make their escape from the presidios of the North.  On getting away from these convict establishments, they adopt the Mahometan religion, are pretty well received by the Maroquines, and generally pass the rest of their days tranquilly among the Moors.  I imagine the better sort of them remain Christians at heart, notwithstanding their public assumption of Islamism.  This renegade was a stonemason, whom I found at work, and he was not at all distinguishable by strangers from the Moors, being dressed precisely in the same fashion.  I had some conversation with him, which was characteristic of conceit, feeling and honour.

Traveller—­“How long have you escaped?”

Renegade.—­“More than twenty years.”

Traveller.—­“Do you like this country and the Moors?”

Renegade.—­“Better is Marruecos than Spain.”

Traveller.—­“Shall you ever attempt to return to Spain?”

Renegade.—­“Why? here I have all I want.  Besides, they would stretch my neck for sending a fellow out of the world without his previously having had an interview with his confessor.”

Traveller.—­“Are you not conscience-stricken? having committed such a crime, how can you mention it?”

Renegade.—­“Pooh, conscience! pooh, corazor!”

Many of those wretched men have indeed lost their corazor, or it is seared with a red-hot iron.

Some hundreds of these Spanish convicts are scattered over the country, but they soon lose their nationality.  It is probable that, from some knowledge of them, the Emperor presumed lately to call the Spaniards “the vilest of nations,” and yet at various times, the Maroquines have shown great sympathy for the Spaniards.  Some of these renegades were found at the Battle of Isly in charge of field-pieces, where, according to the French reports, they displayed great devotion to the cause of the Emperor.

When the governors of the convict settlements find too many on his hands, or the prisons too full, they let a number of their best conducted escape to the interior.  The presence of those cut-throats in Morocco may have something to do with such broils as the following, of which I was a witness.  Two fellows quarrelled violently, and were on the point of sticking one another with their knives, when up stepped a third party and cried out, “What! do you intend to act like Christians and kill one another?” At the talismanic word of Eusara ("Christians, or Nazareens,”) they instantly desisted and became friends.  The term “Christian or Nazareen,” is one of the most oppobrious names with which the people of Mogador can abuse one another.

The weddings and attendant feasts of the Jews are the more remarkable, when we consider the circumstance of the social state of this oppressed race in Morocco, their precarious condition, and the numberless insults and oppressions inflicted on them by both the government and the people; I was present at several of these weddings, and shall give the readers a glimpse of them.  I had read and heard a great deal about the persecution of the Jews in Morocco, and was, therefore, not a little surprised to meet with these continual feasts and festivals among a people so much talked about as victims of Mussulman oppression.