sent by Lepidus came to him he took courage.  Lepidus himself did not make it clear to which of the two sides he sent the army:  he thought well of Antony, who was a relative, but had been summoned against him by the senate; and for these reasons he made plans to have a refuge in store with both parties, by not giving to Marcus Silanus, the commander, orders that were in the least clear.  But he, doubtless knowing well his master’s frame of mind, went on his own responsibility to Antony. [-39-] So when the latter had been thus assisted he became bold and made a sudden sally from the gates:  there was great slaughter on both sides, but at last he turned and fled.

Up to this time Caesar was being strengthened by the people and the senate, and because of this expected that among other honors to be bestowed he would be forthwith appointed consul.  It happened that Hirtius perished in the occupation of Antony’s camp and Vibius died of his wounds not long after, so that Caesar was charged with having caused their death that he might succeed to the office.  But the senate had previously, while it was still uncertain which of the two would prevail, done away with all the privileges which formerly, granted to any person beyond the customs of the forefathers, had paved the way to sovereignty:  they voted that this edict should apply to both parties, intending by it to anticipate the victor, while laying the blame upon the other, who should be defeated.  First they forbade any one to hold office more than a year, and second that any superintendent of grain supplies or commissioner of food should be chosen.  When they ascertained the outcome, they rejoiced at Antony’s defeat, changed their raiment once more, and celebrated a solemn thanksgiving for sixty[21] days.  All those arrayed on his side they held in the light of enemies, and took possession of their property as they did of the leader’s. [-40-] Nor did they propose that Caesar any longer should receive any great reward, but even undertook to overthrow him, by allowing Decimus to secure all the prizes for which he was hoping.  They voted Decimus not only the right of sacrifice but a triumph and gave him charge of the rest of the war and of the legions,—­those of Vibius and others.  Upon the soldiers that had been besieged with him they resolved that eulogies should be bestowed and all the other rewards which had formerly been offered to Caesar’s men, although these troops had contributed nothing to the victory, but had merely beheld it from the walls.  Aquila, who had died in the battle, they honored with an image, and restored to his heirs the money which he had expended from his own purse for the equipment of Decimus’s soldiers.  In a word, practically every advantage that had been given Caesar against Antony was voted to others against the man himself.  And to the end that no matter how much he might wish it he should not be able to do any harm, they armed all his enemies against him.  To Sextus Pompey they entrusted the