[Footnote 56:  Called Colapis by Strabo and Pliny.]

[Footnote 57:  A marginal note in Reimar’s edition suggests amending the rather abrupt [Greek:  loipois] at this point to [Greek:  Libournois] ("waged war with (i. e., against) thee Liburni"); and we might be tempted to follow it, but for the fact that Appian uses language almost identical with Dio’s in his Illyrian Wars, chapter 27 ("He [Augustus] left Statilius Taurus to finish the war").]

[Footnote 58:  The gymnasiarch was an essentially Greek official, but might be found outside of Hellas in such cities as had come under Greek influence.  In Athens he exercised complete supervision of the gymnasium, paying for training and incidentals, arranging the details of contests, and empowered to eject unsuitable persons from the enclosure.  We have comparatively little information about his duties and general standing elsewhere, but probably they were nearly the same.  The office was commonly an annual one.

Antony did not limit to Alexandria his performance of the functions of gymnasiarch.  We read in Plutarch (Life of Antony, chapter 33) that at Athens on one occasion he laid aside the insignia of a Roman general to assume the purple mantle, white shoes, and the rods of this official; and in Strabo (XIV, 5, 14) that he promised the people of Tarsos to preside in a similar manner at some of their games, but the time came sent a representative instead.—­See Krause, Gymnnastik und Agonistik der Hellenen, page 196.]

[Footnote 59:  See Book Forty-eight, chapter 35.]

[Footnote 60:  Chapter 4 of this book.]

[Footnote 61:  Cp.  Book Forty-seven, chapter 11.]

[Footnote 62:  Sc. of denarii.]

[Footnote 63:  L.  Tarius Rufus.]: 

[Footnote 64:  Dio in some unknown manner has at this point evidently made a very striking mistake.  Sosius was not killed in the encounter but survived to be pardoned by Octavius after the latter’s victory.  And our historian, who here says he perished, speaks in the next book (chapter 2) of the amnesty accorded.]

[Footnote 65:  Canopus was only fifteen miles distant from Alexandria (hence its pertinence here) and was noted for its many festivals and bad morals,—­the latter being superinduced by the presence in the city of a large floating population of foreigners and sailors.  The atmosphere of the town (to compare small things with great) was, in a word, that of Corinth.]

[Footnote 66:  The cordax was a dance peculiar to Greek comedy and of an appropriately licentious character, resembling in some points certain of the Oriental dances that survive to the present day.]

[Footnote 67:  Nicopolis, i. e., “City of Victory.”  The same name was given by Pompey to a town founded after his defeat of Mithridates. (See Book Thirty-six, chapter 50.)]

[Footnote 68:  An allusion to the second of the two taxes mentioned in Book Fifty, chapter 10.]