In a quarter of an hour all was comparatively quiet.  A large circle of warriors were again seated in the center of the village, but this time I did not venture to join them, because I could see that the pipe, contrary to the usual order, was passing from the left hand to the right around the circle, a sure sign that a “medicine-smoke” of reconciliation was going forward, and that a white man would be an unwelcome intruder.  When I again entered the still agitated camp it was nearly dark, and mournful cries, howls and wailings resounded from many female voices.  Whether these had any connection with the late disturbance, or were merely lamentations for relatives slain in some former war expeditions, I could not distinctly ascertain.

To inquire too closely into the cause of the quarrel was by no means prudent, and it was not until some time after that I discovered what had given rise to it.  Among the Dakota there are many associations, or fraternities, connected with the purposes of their superstitions, their warfare, or their social life.  There was one called “The Arrow-Breakers,” now in a great measure disbanded and dispersed.  In the village there were, however, four men belonging to it, distinguished by the peculiar arrangement of their hair, which rose in a high bristling mass above their foreheads, adding greatly to their apparent height, and giving them a most ferocious appearance.  The principal among them was the Mad Wolf, a warrior of remarkable size and strength, great courage, and the fierceness of a demon.  I had always looked upon him as the most dangerous man in the village; and though he often invited me to feasts, I never entered his lodge unarmed.  The Mad Wolf had taken a fancy to a fine horse belonging to another Indian, who was called the Tall Bear; and anxious to get the animal into his possession, he made the owner a present of another horse nearly equal in value.  According to the customs of the Dakota, the acceptance of this gift involved a sort of obligation to make an equitable return; and the Tall Bear well understood that the other had in view the obtaining of his favorite buffalo horse.  He however accepted the present without a word of thanks, and having picketed the horse before his lodge, he suffered day after day to pass without making the expected return.  The Mad Wolf grew impatient and angry; and at last, seeing that his bounty was not likely to produce the desired return, he resolved to reclaim it.  So this evening, as soon as the village was encamped, he went to the lodge of the Tall Bear, seized upon the horse that he had given him, and led him away.  At this the Tall Bear broke into one of those fits of sullen rage not uncommon among the Indians.  He ran up to the unfortunate horse, and gave him three mortals stabs with his knife.  Quick as lightning the Mad Wolf drew his bow to its utmost tension, and held the arrow quivering close to the breast of his adversary.  The Tall Bear, as the Indians who were near him said, stood with his bloody knife in his hand, facing the assailant with the utmost calmness.  Some of his friends and relatives, seeing his danger, ran hastily to his assistance.  The remaining three Arrow-Breakers, on the other hand, came to the aid of their associate.  Many of their friends joined them, the war-cry was raised on a sudden, and the tumult became general.