[Footnote: 

        Per aver riposo
  Portato fu fra l’anime beate
  Lo spirito di Alessandro glorioso;
  Del qual seguiro le sante pedate
  Tre sue familiari e care ancelle,
  Lussuria, Simonia, e Crudeltate.
[—­Machiavelli, Decennale Primo.]]

THE REWARDS OF INDUSTRY

In China, under the Tang dynasty, early in the seventh century of the Christian era, lived a learned and virtuous, but poor mandarin who had three sons, Fu-su, Tu-sin, and Wang-li.  Fu-su and Tu-sin were young men of active minds, always labouring to find out something new and useful.  Wang-li was clever too, but only in games of skill, in which he attained great proficiency.

Fu-su and Tu-sin continually talked to each other of the wonderful inventions they would make when they arrived at man’s estate, and of the wealth and renown they promised themselves thereby.  Their conversation seldom reached the ears of Wang-li, for he rarely lifted his eyes from the chess-board on which he solved his problems.  But their father was more attentive, and one day he said: 

“I fear, my sons, that among your multifarious pursuits and studies you must have omitted to include that of the laws of your country, or you would have learned that fortune is not to be acquired by the means which you have proposed to yourselves.”

“How so, father?” asked they.

“It hath been justly deemed by our ancestors,” said the old man, “that the reverence due to the great men who are worshipped in our temples, by reason of our indebtedness to them for the arts of life, could not but become impaired if their posterity were suffered to eclipse their fame by new discoveries, or presumptuously amend what might appear imperfect in their productions.  It is therefore, by an edict of the Emperor Suen, forbidden to invent anything; and by a statute of the Emperor Wu-chi it is further provided that nothing hitherto invented shall be improved.  My predecessor in the small office I hold was deprived of it for saying that in his judgment money ought to be made round instead of square, and I have myself run risk of my life for seeking to combine a small file with a pair of tweezers.”

“If this is the case,” said the young men, “our fatherland is not the place for us.”  And they embraced their father, and departed.  Of their brother Wang-li they took no farewell, inasmuch as he was absorbed in a chess problem.  Before separating, they agreed to meet on the same spot after thirty years, with the treasure which they doubted not to have acquired by the exercise of their inventive faculties in foreign lands.  They further covenanted that if either had missed his reward the other should share his possessions with him.