Men tried to make rubber shoes in this country.  They got the rubber from Bra-zil.  Rubber shoes made in this country were cheaper than those brought from South America.  But they were not good.  They would freeze till they were as hard as stones in winter.  That was not the worst of it.  In summer they would melt.  Goodyear was trying to find out a way to make rubber better.  He wanted to get it so that it would not melt in summer.  He wanted to get a rubber that would not get hard in cold weather.  The first rubber coats that were made were so hard in cold weather, that they would stand alone, and look like a man.

Goodyear wanted to try his rubber.  That is why he wore a rubber coat and a rubber waist-coat and a rubber cravat.  That is why he wore a rubber cap and rubber shoes when it was not raining.  He made paper out of rubber, and wrote a book on it.  He had a door-plate made of it.  He even carried a cane made of India rubber.  It is no wonder people called him the India-rubber man.

He was very poor.  Sometimes he had to borrow money to buy rubber with.  Sometimes his friends gave him money to keep his family from starving.  Sometimes there was no wood and no coal in the house in cold weather.

But Goodyear kept on trying.  He thought that he was just going to find out.  Years went by, and still he kept on trying.

One day he was mixing some rubber with sulphur.  It slipped out of his hand.  It fell on the hot stove.  But it did not melt.  Goodyear was happy at last.  That night it was cold.  Goodyear took the burned piece of rubber out of doors, and nailed it to the kitchen door.  When morning came, he went and got it.  It had not frozen.

He was now sure that he was on the right track.  But he had to find out how to mix and heat his rubber and sulphur.  He was too poor to buy rubber to try with.  Nobody would lend him any more money.  His family had to live by the help of his friends.  He had already sold almost everything that he had.  Now he had to sell his children’s school-books to get money to buy rubber with.

At last his rubber goods were made and sold.  Poor men who had to stand in the rain could now keep themselves dry.  People could walk in the wet with dry feet.  A great many people are alive who would have died if they had not been kept dry by India rubber.

You may count up, if you can, how many useful things are made of rubber.  We owe them all to one man.  People laughed at Goodyear once.  But at last they praised him.  To be “The India-rubber man” was something to be proud of.

DOCTOR KANE IN THE FROZEN SEA.

[Illustration]

Kane was a doctor in one of the war ships of the United States.  He had sailed about the world a great deal.

When he heard that ships were to be sent into the icy seas of the north, he asked to be sent along.  He went the first time as a doctor.  Then he wanted to find out more about the frozen ocean.  So he went again as captain of a ship.  His ship was called the “Advance.”