Loera de la Llave, M. A. “A Modernista's Mode of Amamnesis: Kunstlied, Painting, Opera, and Literature in Manuel Gutiérrez-Nájera.” Iberoromania 53 (2001): 25-44.

In the following essay, Loera de la Llave discusses Nájera's allusions to contemporary and historical works—including Shakespeare's Hamlet and Schubert's Lied—and how they reflect on Nájera and the modernista movement.

The varied writings of the modernista Manuel Gutiérrez-Nájera (Mexico, 1859-1895) constitute a highly literary literature that, unassuming and apparently simple, his poetry often dissembles. This comparative study focuses on his creative anamnesis of a cultural and artistic manifold from various national traditions and languages. Gutiérrez-Nájera refers almost invariably to the classics of the Renaissance and to the canonical literary and artistic production of nineteenth-century Europe, before Baudelaire. La serenata de Schubert (1888), one of his major lyrical poems, exemplifies his allusive craft. Written at the height of...