Ahmad, S. Maqbul. "Al-Bīrūnī as a Synthesizer and Transmitter of Scientific Knowledge." Indian Journal of the History of Science, Vol. 10, No. 2, November, 1975, pp. 244-8.

Argues that al-Bīrūnī drew on the scientific achievements of India and the Islamic Renaissance and took as his guiding principle the scientific method rather than "any theological or mythological" basis.

Ansari, S. M. Razaullah. "On the Physical Researches of Al-Biruni." Indian Journal of History of Science 10, No. 2 (November 1975): 198-217.

Describes al-Bīrūnī's work in physics and considers his implementation of the scientific method.

Choudhury, M. L. Roy. "Abu Raihan al-Biruni and His Indian Studies." Indo-Iranica 7, No. 3 (September 1954): 9-22.

Emphasizes the importance of al-Bīrūnī's interpretations of Indian religion and science in furthering Islamic-Indian understanding.

Davidian, Marie-Louise. "Al-Biruni on the Time of Day from Shadow Lengths." Journal of the American Oriental Society 80, No. 4 (October-December 1960): 330-35.

Discusses al-B...