Nobel prize winning physicist Werner Heisenberg was born in 1901, the second child of Annie and August Heisenberg. Heisenberg's father, August, was a professor of Greek languages at the University of Munich and a teacher at a secondary school, and as such, encouraged both his sons to excel in their academic and musical studies. Heisenberg completed his early schooling at the Maximillan Gymnasium in Munich, and entered the University of Munich as a physics students in 1920 at the age of 19. After earning his doctorate, he moved to the University of Göttingen, where he served as an assistant to physicist Max Born. In 1924, Heisenberg worked with Niels Bohr at the University of Copenhagen before returning to Göttingen in 1925.

In 1925 in a paper entitled "Uber quantentheoretische Umdeutung kinematischer und mechanischer Beziehungen" ("About the Quantum-Theoretical Reinterpretation of Kinetic and Mechanical Relationships"), Heisenberg redefined Bohr's model of the planetary...