Rear Admiral Grace Hopper was a pioneer in the development of computer languages. She played an essential role in the development and standardization of COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language), which led to wide-spread use of computers in business, governmental, and science applications. Hopper received her Ph.D. in mathematics from Yale in 1934 and taught at Vassar College until 1943. She enlisted in the Navy and was assigned to the Bureau of Ordnance Computation Project at Harvard University. In 1944, she became one of the first programmers of the Mark I, the first automatic sequence digital computer. Her computer team was the first to use the term "bug" to refer to a computer glitch after a two-inch moth was found in the circuits of the Mark I. After World War II, she joined the Naval Reserve and developed software for the Mark I and Mark II while she was a research...