From 1921 to 1927 Aleksandr Voronsky devoted his considerable talents to nurturing Soviet literature during the turbulent years of the New Economic Policy (NEP). As editor of the most influential "thick" literary journal, Krasnaia nov' (Red Virgin Soil), he published many of the writers who fell under the broad category of "fellow-traveler." Despite solid political credentials as an Old Bolshevik who had endured years of underground work, arrest, and exile prior to the revolution, Voronsky came under sharp attack from members of the Proletarian Culture movement, various groups and journals that emerged from the Proletcult--Moscow Association of Proletarian Writers (MAPP), All-Union Association of Proletarian Writers (VAPP), Oktiabr' (October), Na postu (On Guard), and Molodaia gvardiia (Young Guard)--and from the writers in the Left Front of Art (LEF). After Voronsky supported the Left Opposition led by Leon Trotsky in October 1923, his opponents in literary matters accused him of carrying out...